Computer Systems Engineers/Architects

Career Description: Design and develop solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions.

Industry: Computer and Mathematical

Other Job Titles for Computer Systems Engineers/Architects:

• Realistic: Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
• Investigative: Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
• Artistic: Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.
• Social: Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.
• Enterprising: Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.
• Conventional: Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
• First Interest High-Point: Primary-Rank Descriptiveness
• Second Interest High-Point: Secondary-Cutoff/Rank Descriptiveness
• Third Interest High-Point: Tertiary-Cutoff/Rank Descriptiveness

• Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.
• Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.
• Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.
• Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.
• Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.
• Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.
• Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.
• Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.
• Provide guidelines for implementing secure systems to customers or installation teams.
• Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.
• Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.
• Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes and make recommendations regarding component use.
• Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.
• Configure servers to meet functional specifications.
• Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.
• Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.
• Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.
• Design and conduct hardware or software tests.
• Establish functional or system standards to ensure operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints are addressed.
• Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.
• Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.
• Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports or white papers.
• Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.
• Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.
• Train system users in system operation or maintenance.
• Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.
• Develop application-specific software.
• Develop efficient and effective system controllers.

Emerging Tasks

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• Analyzing Data or Information: Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
• Assisting and Caring for Others: Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
• Coaching and Developing Others: Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
• Communicating with Persons Outside Organization: Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
• Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates: Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
• Controlling Machines and Processes: Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
• Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others: Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
• Developing and Building Teams: Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
• Developing Objectives and Strategies: Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
• Documenting/Recording Information: Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
• Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment: Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
• Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships: Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
• Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information: Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
• Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards: Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
• Getting Information: Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
• Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates: Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
• Handling and Moving Objects: Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
• Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events: Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
• Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material: Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
• Interacting With Computers: Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
• Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others: Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
• Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People: Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
• Making Decisions and Solving Problems: Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
• Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings: Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
• Monitoring and Controlling Resources: Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
• Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment: Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or water craft.
• Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work: Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
• Performing Administrative Activities: Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
• Performing for or Working Directly with the Public: Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
• Performing General Physical Activities: Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
• Processing Information: Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
• Provide Consultation and Advice to Others: Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
• Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment: Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
• Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment: Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
• Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others: Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
• Scheduling Work and Activities: Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
• Selling or Influencing Others: Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
• Staffing Organizational Units: Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
• Thinking Creatively: Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
• Training and Teaching Others: Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
• Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge: Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.

Detailed Work Activities

• adjust computer operation system
• analyze business, scientific, or technical problems in electronic data processing systems
• analyze programs using workflow chart or diagram
• analyze workflow
• communicate technical information
• conduct training for personnel
• confer with management or users
• consult with customers concerning needs
• consult with staff or users to identify operating procedure problems
• create mathematical or statistical diagrams or charts
• design computer hardware or software interface
• design computer programs or programming tools
• design control systems
• design data processing systems
• design data security systems
• design systems in cooperation with colleagues
• develop mathematical simulation models
• develop or maintain databases
• develop records management system
• develop tables depicting data
• encode equations for processing
• evaluate computer system user requests or requirements
• evaluate prototype computer software systems
• follow data security procedures
• follow data storage procedures
• implement computer system changes
• install computer programs
• maintain client-server database
• maintain or repair computers or related equipment
• make presentations
• monitor computer operation
• operate computer networks
• prepare technical reports or related documentation
• prepare workflow chart
• program computers for electronic engineering applications
• program computers for management analysis applications
• program computers for medical applications
• program computers for social science applications
• program computers using existing software
• program mainframe computer
• provide technical computer training
• provide technical support to computer users
• recommend software or hardware purchases
• resolve computer program operational problems
• resolve symbolic formulations in data processing applications
• revise or correct errors in computer programs, software, or systems
• select business applications for computers
• supervise programming personnel
• test computer programs or systems
• train workers in use of equipment
• use computer application flow charts
• use computer networking technology
• use computer programming language
• use computers to enter, access or retrieve data
• use cost benefit analysis techniques
• use geographical information system (GIS) software
• use interpersonal communication techniques
• use interviewing procedures
• use knowledge of mainframe computers
• use object-oriented computer programming techniques
• use project management techniques
• use relational database software
• use spreadsheet software
• use structural analysis techniques to analyze computer systems
• write business project or bid proposals
• write computer software, programs, or code
• write documentation for computer programming
• write technical specifications for computer systems, software or applications
• work as a team member
• write business project or bid proposals
• write computer software, programs, or code
• write documentation for computer programming
• write research or project grant proposals
• write scholarly or technical research papers

Overall Experience
A minimum of two to four years of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.

Job Training
Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.

Education
Most of these occupations require a four - year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Examples
Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include accountants, human resource managers, computer programmers, teachers, chemists, and police detectives.

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• Projected growth (2006-2016): 15.12%
• Projected need (2006-2016): 20,560
• Employment (2006): 135,949

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